Akkuyu nuclear power plant
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Akkuyu nuclear power plant is a nuclear power plant under construction in Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, Türkiye.
Project Details
Table 1: Unit-level project details for Akkuyu nuclear power plant
| Unit name | Status | Commissioning year | Nameplate capacity | Reactor type | Model | Owner | Operator |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Construction[1] | 2025 (planned)[2] | 1200 MW[1] | Pressurized water reactor[1] | VVER V-509[1] | Akkuyu Nuclear Joint Stock Company (JSC) [100%][1] | Akkuyu Nuclear JSC[1] |
| 2 | Construction[3] | 2024[4] | 1200 MW[3] | Pressurized water reactor[3] | VVER V-509[3] | Akkuyu Nuclear Joint Stock Company (JSC) [100%][3] | Akkuyu Nuclear JSC[3] |
| 3 | Construction[5][6] | 2025 (planned)[4] | 1200 MW[6] | Pressurized water reactor[6] | VVER V-509[6] | Akkuyu Nuclear Joint Stock Company (JSC) [100%][6] | Akkuyu Nuclear JSC[6] |
| 4 | Construction[7] | 2026 (planned)[4] | 1200 MW[7] | Pressurized water reactor[7] | VVER V-509[7] | Akkuyu Nuclear Joint Stock Company (JSC) [100%][7] | Akkuyu Nuclear JSC[7] |
Table 2: Additional unit-level timeline details for Akkuyu nuclear power plant
| Unit name | Construction start | Commercial operation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | April 3, 2018[1] | 2025[2] |
| 2 | April 8, 2020[3] | 2024[4] |
| 3 | March 10, 2021[6] | 2025[4] |
| 4 | July 21, 2022[7] | 2026[4] |
Table 3: Additional unit-level capacity details for Akkuyu nuclear power plant
(Read more about nuclear capacity definitions.)
| Unit name | Reference net capacity | Design net capacity | Thermal capacity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1114 MW[1] | 1114 MW[1] | 3200 MWt[1] |
| 2 | 1114 MW[3] | 1114 MW[3] | 3200 MWt[3] |
| 3 | 1114 MW[6] | 1114 MW[6] | 3200 MWt[6] |
| 4 | 1114 MW[7] | 1114 MW[7] | 3200 MWt[7] |
Location
Table 4: Unit-level location details for Akkuyu nuclear power plant
| Unit name | Location | Coordinates (WGS 84) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, Türkiye[8] | 36.1447, 33.5402 (exact) |
| 2 | Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, Türkiye[8] | 36.1447, 33.5402 (exact) |
| 3 | Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, Türkiye[8] | 36.1447, 33.5402 (exact) |
| 4 | Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, Türkiye[8] | 36.1447, 33.5402 (exact) |
The map below shows the exact location of the nuclear power plant:
Background
The Akkuyu nuclear power plant is under construction and would be the first nuclear power plant in Türkiye. Located in Turkiat Akkuyu, in Büyükeceli, Mersin Province, close to Mersin port. The plant is expected to generate around 10% of the country's electricity when completed.[9]
In May 2010, Türkiye signed an agreement with a subsidiary of Rosatom to build, own, and operate a nuclear power plant at Akkuyu comprising four generation 3 VVER1200 units. The plant is expected to be the first build–own–operate (BOO) nuclear power plant in the world.[9] Under the terms of the agreement, in December 2010 the Russian side established a project company - AKKUYU NUCLEAR Joint-Stock Company (AKKUYU NÜKLEER ANONİM ŞİRKETİ). The company has undertaken to provide the power plant's design, construction, maintenance, operation, and decommissioning.[10]
AKKUYU NUCLEAR JSC's stakeholders are companies authorized by the relevant Order of the Government of the Russian Federation:[11]
| Shareholder | Share Ratio (%) |
| Atomstroyexport CJSC | 2,267 % |
| Inter RAO UES JSC | 0,820 % |
| Rosenergoatom JSC | 21,948 % |
| Atomtechenergo JSC | 0,025 % |
| Atomenergoremont JSC | 0,025 % |
| Rusatom Energy International JSC | 74,915 % |
| TOTAL | 100 % |
In October 2020 it was reported that Inter RAO decided to withdraw from the project and sell its 0.82% stake.[12] The buyer was not disclosed.[13]
In June 2017, Rosatom signed an agreement to sell 49% interest in the project company to Turkish consortium of Jengiz Holding (Cengiz Holding), Kolin İnşaat Turizm Sanayi ve Ticaret, and Kalyon İnşaat (Kalyon İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret).[14][15] The details were expected to be finalized by the end of 2017, but in February 2018 the Energy Ministry announced that the three companies failed to reach commercial agreement with Rosatom and had pulled out of the project.[12]
The total project cost is estimated at US$ 20-22 billion.[10][14][12]
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) for the nuclear power project was approved by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in December 2014. A 49-year energy generation license was granted in June 2017.[14]
Construction
The official launch ceremony for the first unit took place in April 2015.[16] However construction license was only issued in by the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority in April 2018.[17] It appears that a 36-month preliminary licence for the project was granted in June 2015, allowing for some preparatory activities and permits pending the production licence.[12]
In March 2023, it was reported that nuclear fuel would be delivered in spring, with construction of Unit 1 to be completed in the third quarter of 2023 and then to proceed to commissioning.[18]
Construction license for the second unit was granted in December 2018, with construction starting in June 2020. Construction of the third unit started in March 2021. Construction of the fourth unit started in July 2022, while construction license was issued in October 2021.[12]
The construction progress slowed significantly in July 2022 when Rosatom replaced the Turkish subcontractor, IC Içtaş, with Russian contractor TSM Enerji. Two months later, Turkey’s President Erdogan and Russia’s President Putin reached an agreement to resume construction, with IC Içtaş reportedly recapturing the deal to continue construction activities.[12][19]
Contractors
The power plant's design is based on the Novovoronezh nuclear power plant (Phase 2) in Voronezh, Russia.[14]
Atomenergoproekt is the project designer. Atomstroyexport is the general contractor, while Titan 2 is engaged as the main construction contractor. Atomenergomash is supplying the nuclear island sets and the turbine island for the project. Turbine Technology AAEM, a joint venture between Atomenergomash and General Electric, and Alstom Power Systems are responsible for the steam turbine equipment.[14]
Assystem will supervise the construction facilities and provide site inspection services during construction and installation phases. Cengiz İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret is supplying hydraulic engineering structures under a turnkey contract.[14]
TVEL is the supplier of nuclear fuel for the plant and Rosatom will ensure fuel for the entire life of the plant, along with managing its disposal.[14]
Financing
The Russian shareholder companies proposed to completely fund the project development.[14][12]
In August 2019, Sberbank of Russia and Akkuyu Nuclear JSC signed an agreement on a bank loan in the amount of $400 million. The loan is provided for seven years. Sberbank became the first creditor of the project. Previously, the project was carried out at the expense of the federal budget of Russia and the funds of Rosatom.[20]
In July 2022, it was reported that Russia is wiring billions to its Turkish subsidiary, despite the war sanctions.[21]
Offtake
Turkish Electricity Trade and Contracting (TETAS) has agreed to purchase 70% of the electricity generated by the first two units and 30% from that produced by the remaining two units, at a fixed price of 12.35 ¢/kWh for 15 years. The remaining electricity will be sold in open market.[14] After 15 years, when the plant is expected to be paid off, the project company will pay 20% of the profits to the Turkish government.[12]
2023 Earthquake
It was reported that the plant was not damaged by the earthquake that struck Türkiye in February 2023.[22] According to Rosatom, earth tremors of about magnitude 3 were felt on site, but Rosatom's specialists have not revealed any damage to building structures, cranes and equipment.[23] The plant is about 340km from the epicentre of the earthquake.
Additional data
To access additional data, including an interactive map of global nuclear power plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Nuclear Power Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 https://web.archive.org/web/20221126222730/https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=553. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20240524005020/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Commissioning-work-is-beginning-at-Akkuyu-1. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 https://web.archive.org/web/20221126222729/https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1080. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 https://web.archive.org/web/20220901053337/https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-t-z/turkey.aspx. Archived from the original on 01 September 2022.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20240524005122/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Akkuyu-3-reactor-pressure-vessel-delivered. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 https://web.archive.org/web/20221126222731/https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1081. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 https://web.archive.org/web/20221126222718/https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1082. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 https://goo.gl/maps/WTbej9tVW6TFyCj57.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant". wikipedia.org. Retrieved April 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ 10.0 10.1 "AKKUYU NPP CONSTRUCTION PROJECT". akkunpp.com. Retrieved April 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "COMPANY'S HISTORY". http://www.akkuyu.com/. Retrieved April 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help); External link in|website= - ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedref_1 - ↑ "Russia's Inter Rao sells stake in Akkuyu Nuclear as training and construction progress". https://www.neimagazine.com. 18 February 2021.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website= - ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 "Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant". www.nsenergybusiness.com. Retrieved April 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-rosatom-turkey-idUKL8N1JG1L2". reuters.com. June 2017.
{{cite web}}: External link in|title= - ↑ "Ground broken for Turkey's first nuclear power plant". www.world-nuclear-news.org. April 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Turkey grants Rosatom construction license for first unit of Akkuyu nuclear plant". reuters.com. April 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Nuclear fuel to be delivered to Akkuyu 'this spring'". https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/. 1 March 2023.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website= - ↑ "Rosatom signs new construction contract for Turkish nuclear plant". bellona.org. August 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Аккую". Wikipedia.ru. Retrieved April 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Russia Is Wiring Dollars to Turkey for $20 Billion Nuclear Plant". www.bloomberg.com. August 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "'No damage' reported at Akkuyu site after Turkey earthquakes". https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/. February 2023.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website= - ↑ "Turkey's unfinished Akkuyu nuclear plant not damaged by quake: Rosatom". https://www.duvarenglish.com/. 6 February 2023.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website=
Articles and Resources
Additional data
To access additional data, including an interactive map of global nuclear power plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Nuclear Power Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
