Arzew-Bethioua LNG Terminal
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Arzew-Bethioua LNG Terminal is an operating liquefied natural gas export terminal in Oran Province, Algeria.[1]
Location
Project Details
Project Details, GL4-Z
- Owner: Sonatrach[2][1]
- Location: Bethioua, Bethioua District, Oran Province, Algeria[3]
- Coordinates: 35.80452, -0.24097 (exact)[3]
- Capacity: 1.5 mtpa (0.5 mtpa per train)[4]
- Status: Retired[5]
- Type: Export[5]
- Trains: 3[4]
- Start Year: 1964[5]
Note: mtpa = million tonnes per year; bcfd = billion cubic feet per day
Project Details, GL1-Z
- Owner: Sonatrach[6]
- Operator: Sonatrach[6]
- Location: Bethioua, Bethioua District, Oran Province, Algeria[3]
- Coordinates: 35.80452, -0.24097 (exact)[3]
- Capacity: 7.92 mtpa (1.32 mtpa per train)[5][7]
- Status: Operating[5]
- Type: Export[5]
- Trains: 6[5]
- Start Year: 1978[5][7]
Note: mtpa = million tonnes per year; bcfd = billion cubic feet per day
Project Details, GL2-Z
- Owner: Sonatrach[6]
- Operator: Sonatrach[6]
- Location: Bethioua, Bethioua District, Oran Province, Algeria[3]
- Coordinates: 35.80452, -0.24097 (exact)[3]
- Capacity: 8.22 mtpa (1.37 mtpa per train)[5][7]
- Status: Operating[5]
- Type: Export[5]
- Trains: 6[5]
- Start Year: 1981[5][7]
Note: mtpa = million tonnes per year; bcfd = billion cubic feet per day
Project Details, GL3-Z
- Owner: Sonatrach[6]
- Operator: Sonatrach[6]
- Location: Bethioua, Bethioua District, Oran Province, Algeria[3]
- Coordinates: 35.80452, -0.24097 (exact)[3]
- Capacity: 4.7 mtpa[5][7]
- Status: Operating[5]
- Type: Export[5]
- Trains: 1[5]
- Start Year: 2014[5]
Note: mtpa = million tonnes per year; bcfd = billion cubic feet per day
Description
Arzew/Bethioua LNG terminal consists of 13 natural gas liquefaction trains, with a total capacity of 20.8 million metric tons per year (mtpa), or 2.98 billion cubic feet per day (bcfd). It is owned by Sonatrach, an Algerian state-owned hydrocarbon resources company.
In March 2023, Sonatrach announced it would invest around US$1 billion in energy transition projects including flare gas recovery projects at the facility and Sonatrach Skikda LNG Terminal.[8]
Arzew GL4-Z
The Arzew GL4-Z facility had three 0.5-mtpa liquefaction trains, for a total of 1.5 mtpa. It was built in 1964.[4] Arzew GL4-Z was the world's first LNG export terminal (previously known as Camel)[2], making Algeria the world's first country to export LNG.[9][2]
It was shut down in 2010, after the completion of GL3-Z.[10]
Bethioua GL1-Z & GL2-Z
The existing Bethioua GL1-Z and GL2-Z each have six 0.75-mtpa liquefaction trains, for a total of 12 mtpa; the total nominal capacity is 16.1 mtpa. GL1-Z was built in 1978, and GL2-Z in 1981.[4][11] When built, the Bethioua plant was the largest LNG export facility in the world.
GL1-Z was repaired and renovated in 1991-97, helping relieve problems that had caused its capacity to be consistently under capacity.[12]
According to the International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers' 2020 Annual Report, GL1-Z had a total nominal capacity of 7.9 mtpa and GL2-Z had a total nominal capacity of 8.2 mtpa.[13]
Arzew GL3-Z expansion
Arzew GL3-Z is a new single liquefaction train, with 4.7 mtpa capacity.[14][15]
The project was started in 2008, and was completed in November 2014. It cost €2.8 billion, or about $3.8 billion. The engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract was carried out by a joint venture of Italian firm Saipem and Japan's Chiyoda Corporation.[16][17]
Algeria LNG
Algeria has been exporting LNG for over 40 years, since 1964, when its first terminal began operations.[18] Algeria's LNG exports peaked in 2005 and have since then experienced a downward trend. This decline has been attributed to several factors, both local and international.[18] Algeria's LNG sector went from exporting 25.68 bcm in 2005 to only 15 bcm in 2013.[18] However, from 2014 to 2018, exports showed a partial recovery, oscillating between 15 and 17 bcm per year, with a low of 13.5 bcm in 2018.[18] In recent years, exports have stabilized in the rage of 14 to 16 bcm per year.[18]
In 2023, Alegria occupied "the first place in Africa as the largest importer of LNG for the first time since 2010, thus overtaking Nigeria."[19] Algeria mainly exports LNG to Turkey (over 4.3 million tonnes per year), France (3.2 million tonnes), Italy (1.8 million tonnes), and Spain (1.4 million tonnes), and China (0.4 million tonnes).[19]
Articles and resources
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 GIIGNL (2024). "GIIGNL Annual Report 2024" (PDF). GIIGNL. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Belgacem, Tahchi (March 2024). "Algerian gas to strengthen energy security of the European ?Union: Policy, capacity and strategy". Energy Reports. 11: 3600–3613 – via ResearchGate.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "GNL 1 · RP7M+3QQ, Bethioua, Algeria". GNL 1 · RP7M+3QQ, Bethioua, Algeria. Retrieved 2024-06-25.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Gordon Shearer & Michael Tusiani. LNG: A Nontechnical Guide. Tulsa: Pennwell, 2007, pp. 254-256.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 BloombergNEF LNG Export and Import Projects--Q4 2020, BloombergNEF, January 21, 2021
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 GIIGNL Annual Report. GIIGNL. November 2021.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers (May 24, 2022). "Annual Report 2022 Edition" (PDF). GIIGNL. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ GIIGNL. The LNG Industry: GIIGNL Annual Report 2023. July 14, 2023.
- ↑ Michot Foss, Michelle (June 2012). "Introduction to LNG" (PDF). Energy Economics Research University of Texas. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Algérie : mise en service du méga-train de liquéfaction GNL 3 à Arzew, EnergyMed, 17 Nov. 2014.
- ↑ The LNG Industry: Annual Report 2017, International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers, accessed June 2017.
- ↑ LNG1 Plant Revamping Project: Improvement and Debottlenecking, Sonatrach, 1998.
- ↑ The LNG Industry: Annual Report 2020, page 41, International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers, accessed April 29, 2020
- ↑ Arzew LNG Terminal, A Barrel Full, accessed April 2017.
- ↑ Arzew GNL 3Z LNG Plant Algeria, Global Energy Observatory, accessed June 2017.
- ↑ LNG Arzew Sonatrach, Mesit.com, accessed June 2017.
- ↑ Algeria: PM Inaugurates New Production Plant of LNG in Oran, AllAfrica, 10 Nov. 2014.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Belkhadem, Benabbou, Ibtissem, Senouci (January 2024). "Analyzing the Algerian LNG Export: Comparative Benchmarking between Key Global Exporters". N/A. X – via ResearchGate.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Algérie Presse Service (28 January 2024). "Gaz naturel liquéfié: l'Algérie désormais premier exportateur en Afrique". Algérie Presse Service. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
