Climate-related datasets

Climate-related datasets provide information that can be used to create models of climate-related activities ranging from weather and climate to mitigation and adaptation strategies. Global Energy Monitor collaborates with other organizations to compile and share related data. This article lists some sources of currently available datasets.

Government and Intergovernmental Organizations

• NASA Earth Science Data: Offers more than 10,000 datasets related to weather patterns, atmospheric conditions, and land-use changes. NASA's POWER Project (Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources) has its own open data portal
• European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative: Provides data on Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) like greenhouse gases, sea surface temperature, and more. ESA's full dataset portal is at ESA Data Portal.
• The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Greenhouse Gas Data: Official greenhouse gas inventory data submitted by countries.
• EPA Greenhouse Gas Data: Data on GHG emissions from U.S. facilities, organized by location and economic sector (e.g, power plants, metals, chemicals, electronics manufacturing, etc.) However, it is hard to find information about automotive or transportation-related GHG emissions. EPA has an API for retrieving data. See also EPA Greenhouse Gas Overview.
• World Bank Climate Data: A collection of more than 7,000 datasets focusing on economic development and climate change impacts.

Scientific and Research Databases

• NOAA Climate Data Online: Datasets on weather patterns, storms, and historical trends. Climate.gov has 93 datasets.
• Global Carbon Atlas: "A platform to explore and visualize the most up-to-date data on carbon fluxes resulting from human activities and natural processes." Focused on carbon emissions and sinks globally. Has graphs and datastories. Finding the underlying datasets is possible but takes some work.
• Carbon Monitoring for Action (CARMA): Database of carbon emissions from power plants worldwide. (Last data is from 2012.)
• Climate Data Store (Copernicus): Free access to data on climate change from the European Union. Has 120 datasets.

Open Data Platforms

• Kaggle has datasets on many topics. A search for datasets related to climate change, GHG emissions, and weather data found more than 500 datasets, taken from multiples sources. Kaggle has good metadata including links to the original source websites from which the datasets were taken. Kaggle also often has Jupyter notebooks and other code examples that use the data, and it offers challenges and kernels for collaboration.
• Google Dataset Search: A search engine for public datasets. It has a large number of datasets and usually provides a link to the original source.
• Open Data Portal by the EU: Has more than 1.8 million datasets, including datasets from EU-funded climate research projects.
• Hugging Face: Hosts 238,000+ datasets, many of which are climate-related.

Nonprofit and NGO Data

• Global Energy Monitor (GEM): Data on energy production and environmental impact, such as coal plants and steel plants. GEM collaborates with a number of other organizations that collect and share climate data.
• Climate Trace is a non-profit coalition of more than 100 organizations and researchers building on open-source inventory of where greenhouse gas emissions are coming from. (GEM is a member of the coalition.) It uses AI and machine learning to analyze data from satellites, sensors and other global sources of emissions information. Its datasets are available on the Climate Trace website and also on HuggingFace. Climate Trace also provides an an API at and a Python package that can be used to load and analyze its data, as well as a Google Colab notebook with example code.
• World Resources Institute (WRI): Climate risk and sustainable development datasets. WRI is associated with Climate Watch, an online platform designed to empower policymakers, researchers, media and other stakeholders with the open climate data, visualizations and resources they need to gather insights on national and global progress on climate change.
• Radiant Earth promotes "increasing shared understanding of our world through community-led initiatives that make data easier to access and use." They have a collection of datasets at Source.coop
• Climate Change.ai is compiling information about data gaps in existing datasets for use in machine learning/AI analysis of climate issues. They also have a page about "subject areas" that is useful as a basic for tagging/classification.
• The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is an effort "focused on collaboratively convening AI experts with robust datasets, developing deployable AI solutions that can enable the energy transition, and providing guidance for practitioners to deploy safe and responsible AI at scale.​"

Carbon Capture and Renewable Energy

• IEA Data and Statistics
• OpenEI Carbon Capture Data

Weather Data

• Weather Underground
• ECMWF ERA5

Academic Resources

• CMIP (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project)
• PANGEA

Specialized Datasets

• Berkeley Earth: High-quality temperature data for climate analysis.
• GHGRP Facility Data (EPA)