Gaston Steam Plant
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Gaston Steam Plant is an operating power station of at least 2012-megawatts (MW) in Wilsonville, Shelby, Alabama, United States. It is also known as EC Gaston power station.
Location
Table 1: Project-level location details
| Plant name | Location | Coordinates (WGS 84) |
|---|---|---|
| Gaston Steam Plant | Wilsonville, Shelby, Alabama, United States | 33.243164, -86.458936 (exact)[1] |
The map below shows the exact location of the power station.
Unit-level coordinates (WGS 84):
- Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 4, Unit 5: 33.243164, -86.458936
Project Details
Table 2: Unit-level details
| Unit name | Status | Fuel(s) | Capacity (MW) | Technology | CHP | Start year | Retired year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1, timepoint 1 | Retired | coal: bituminous | 272 | subcritical | no[2] | 1960 | 2016 |
| Unit 1, timepoint 2 | Operating[2][1] | fossil gas: natural gas, coal: unknown[3] | 272[2] | steam turbine[2] | no[2] | 2016[2][4] | –[5] |
| Unit 2, timepoint 1 | Retired | coal: bituminous | 272 | subcritical | no[2] | 1960 | 2016 |
| Unit 2, timepoint 2 | Operating[2][1] | fossil gas: natural gas, coal: unknown[3] | 272[2] | steam turbine[2] | no[2] | 2016 (planned)[2][4] | –[5] |
| Unit 3, timepoint 1 | Retired | coal: bituminous | 272 | subcritical | no[2] | 1961 | 2016 |
| Unit 3, timepoint 2 | Operating[2][1] | fossil gas: natural gas, coal: unknown[3] | 272[2] | steam turbine[2] | no[2] | 2016[2][4] | –[5] |
| Unit 4, timepoint 1 | Retired | coal: bituminous | 244.8 | subcritical | no[2] | 1962 | 2016 |
| Unit 4, timepoint 2 | Operating[2][1] | fossil gas: natural gas, coal: unknown[3] | 244.8[2] | steam turbine[2] | no[2] | 2016[2][4] | –[5] |
| Unit 5, timepoint 1 | Operating | coal: bituminous | 952 | supercritical | no[6] | 1974 | 2028 (planned) |
| Unit 5, timepoint 2 | Announced[5][7] | fossil gas: natural gas[7][5] | 952[6] | steam turbine[6] | no[6] | 2028 (planned)[7][5][6] | – |
CHP is an abbreviation for Combined Heat and Power. It is a technology that produces electricity and thermal energy at high efficiencies. Coal units track this information in the Captive Use section when known.
Table 3: Unit-level ownership and operator details
| Unit name | Owner | Parent |
|---|---|---|
| Unit 1, timepoint 1 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 1, timepoint 2 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 2, timepoint 1 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 2, timepoint 2 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 3, timepoint 1 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 3, timepoint 2 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 4, timepoint 1 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 4, timepoint 2 | Alabama Power Co [50%]; Georgia Power Co [50%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 5, timepoint 1 | Alabama Power Co [100%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
| Unit 5, timepoint 2 | Alabama Power Co [100%] | Southern Co [100.0%] |
Unit-level fuel conversion details:
Unit 1: Converted from coal to fossil gas in 2016.
Unit 2: Converted from coal to fossil gas in 2016.
Unit 3: Converted from coal to fossil gas in 2016.
Unit 4: Converted from coal to fossil gas in 2016.
Unit 5: Announced conversion from coal to fossil gas in 2028.
Conversion to Natural Gas
In May 2012, Alabama Power disclosed that it plans to have its four smaller generating units at Gaston, representing 1,000 megawatts, converted to run on natural gas by 2015. The project will involve building a gas pipeline to tie into the Transcontinental pipeline, about 30 miles south of the plant. Gaston's largest unit, 880 megawatts, will remain coal-fired. That unit has pollution control devices, and will likely require additional measures to meet new standards of mercury and other air toxics.[8]
In January 2014 the company said it plans to add gas capability to Units 1-4 at its Gaston Steam Plant in Alabama by 2016 so they can run primarily on gas going forward. The other Gaston unit, Unit 5, will be equipped with a baghouse in 2016 to comply with federal regulations, and will continue to use coal.[9]
In June 2015 Power Engineering reported the four units had been recently converted to natural gas.[10]
In late 2021, Southern Company was planning to potentially retrofit unit 5 to burn fossil gas during peak loads. The plan remained subject to state regulatory approval.[11] As of June 2023, the unit still operates as a coal-fired unit[12] and is scheduled to be converted to natural gas by 2028[13].
Emissions Data
- 2006 CO2 Emissions: 12,345,695 tons
- 2006 SO2 Emissions: 130,494 tons
- 2006 SO2 Emissions per MWh:
- 2006 NOx Emissions: 19,839 tons
- 2005 Mercury Emissions: 1,077 lbs.
Site for National Carbon Capture Center project
In May 2009 the U.S. Department of Energy announced the launch of the National Carbon Capture Center "to develop and test technologies to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from coal-based power plants." Announcing the formation of the center in May 2009, the DOE also stated that it would be "managed and operated by Southern Company Services. "Southern Company will establish and manage the NCCC at the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) in Wilsonville, Ala.[14] One of the project participants, Arch Coal, stated in a media release that "new facilities to conduct post-combustion testing and evaluation will be on the site of Plant Gaston, a coal-fueled generating plant adjacent to the PSDF that is operated by Southern Company subsidiary Alabama Power."[15]
Gaston Unit 5 is the site of a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Center (PC4), which is part of the larger National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) to develop and test technologies for carbon capture and storage, managed and operated by Southern Company. Initial testing at the PC4 began when researchers used a solvent called monoethanolamine (MEA) to capture CO2 from a slipstream of flue gas from the plant. According to the DOE, the unit is in steady operation and capturing about 10 tons of CO2 per day. In addition to DOE and Southern Company, participants in the NCCC include American Electric Power, Arch Coal, EPRI, Luminant, NRG Energy, Peabody Energy, and Rio Tinto.[16]
Coal waste
Gaston ranked 14th on list of most polluting power plants in terms of coal waste
In January 2009, Sue Sturgis of the Institute of Southern Studies compiled a list of the 100 most polluting coal plants in the United States in terms of coal combustion waste (CCW) stored in surface impoundments like the one involved in the TVA Kingston Fossil Plant coal ash spill.[17] The data came from the EPA's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) for 2006, the most recent year available.[18]
Gaston Steam Plant ranked number 14 on the list, with 2,306,006 pounds of coal combustion waste released to surface impoundments in 2006.[17]
EPA "high hazard" dam
In November 2011, the EPA released a new set of coal waste data that revealed 181 “significant” hazard dams in 18 states - more than three times the 60 significant-hazard ponds listed in the original database released in 2009. In addition to the increase in the number of significant hazard-rated ponds, eight previously unrated coal ash ponds were found to be high hazard ponds in information released by the EPA earlier in 2011. Because of the switch in ratings after the EPA inspections, the total number of high hazard ponds has stayed roughly the same at a total of 47 ponds nationwide.[19]
According to the National Inventory of Dams (NID) criteria, “high” hazard coal ash ponds are categorized as such because their failure will likely cause loss of human life. Six states that gained high hazard ponds include:[19]
- Alabama: Gaston Steam Plant, Wilsonville: 1 high hazard pond
Citizen Groups
See also Alabama and coal
- Black Warrior Riverkeeper
- GASP (formerly Alabama First)
Articles and Resources
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 https://web.archive.org/web/20230509053328/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/. Archived from the original on 09 May 2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 https://web.archive.org/web/20200612191408/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/archive/xls/november_generator2019.xlsx. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 https://web.archive.org/web/20211122185052/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/archive/xls/july_generator2021.xlsx. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20220709053405/https://www.alabamapower.com/content/dam/alabama-power/pdfs-docs/company/compliance---regulation/Plant_Gaston_Timeline_Display.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 09 July 2022.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 https://web.archive.org/web/20230122210736/https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/southern-co-plans-to-retire-repower-fossil-fueled-plants-67673301. Archived from the original on 22 January 2023.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 https://web.archive.org/web/20220712171434/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/xls/april_generator2022.xlsx. Archived from the original on 12 July 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 https://web.archive.org/web/20230515003005/https://ashtracker.org/facility/344/ec-gaston-steam-plant. Archived from the original on 15 May 2023.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ Thomas Spencer, "Alabama Power to connect Shelby plant to natural gas line," The Birmingham News, May 12, 2012.
- ↑ "Southern to repower three Alabama coal power plants with natgas," Reuters, Jan 16, 2014
- ↑ "Coal-To-Gas Plant Conversions in the U.S.," Power Engineering, 06/18/2015
- ↑ "Southern Co. plans to retire, repower fossil-fueled plants," S&P Global, December 6, 2021
- ↑ "Generating Plants". Alabama Power. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "E.C. Gaston Steam Plant". Ashtracker. October 13, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ U.S. Department of Energy, "DOE Establishes National Carbon Capture Center to Speed Deployment of CO2 Capture Processes: Center Will Provide Flexible Test Bed for Emerging CO2 Capture Technologies for Coal-Fired Power Plants", Media Release, May 27, 2009.
- ↑ Arch Coal, "Arch Coal Joins National Carbon Capture Center", Media Release, May 27, 2009.
- ↑ "National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center" NETL, June 7, 2011.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Sue Sturgis, "Coal's ticking timebomb: Could disaster strike a coal ash dump near you?," Institute for Southern Studies, January 4, 2009.
- ↑ TRI Explorer, EPA, accessed January 2009.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Ken Ward Jr., "EPA data reveals more dangerous coal ash ponds" Coal Tattoo, Oct. 31, 2011.
Additional data
To access additional data, including interactive maps of the power stations, downloadable datasets, and summary data, please visit the Global Coal Plant Tracker and the Global Oil and Gas Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
