Global Hydropower Tracker Methodology

Architecture

Global Energy Monitor’s Global Hydropower Tracker uses a two-level system for organizing information, consisting of both a database and wiki pages with further information. The database tracks hydropower plants and includes information such as project owner, operator, status, number of turbines, technology type, and location. A wiki page for each project is created within the Global Energy Monitor wiki. The database and wiki pages are updated annually.

Status Categories

• Announced: Proposed projects that have been described in corporate or government plans but have not yet taken concrete steps such as applying for permits.
• Pre-construction: Projects that are actively moving forward in seeking governmental approvals, land rights, or financing.
• Construction: Site preparation and equipment installation are underway.
• Operating: The project has been formally commissioned; commercial operation has begun.
• Shelved: Suspension of operation has been announced, or no progress has been observed for at least two years.
• Cancelled: A cancellation announcement has been made, or no progress has been observed for at least four years.
• Mothballed: The project is disused, but not dismantled.
• Retired: The project has been decommissioned.

Technology Types

• Conventional Storage: Projects which typically or entirely generate electricity from water stored in a reservoir.
• Pumped Storage: Projects which generate electricity using water which is cycled between a lower and an upper reservoir by a pumping system.
• Run-Of-River: Projects which typically or entirely generate electricity from flowing water with little to no storage capacity.
• Unknown: Technology type not specified.
• Conventional and Pumped Storage: Projects which have both conventional storage and pumped storage capability.
• Conventional and Run-Of-River: Projects which have both conventional storage and run-of-river capability.

Research Process

The Global Hydropower Tracker data set draws on various public data sources, including:

• Industry data on hydropower facilities
• Government websites tracking active power plants and project permits and applications
• Reports by power companies (both state-owned and private)
• News and media reports
• Non-governmental organizations, such as Landesa, tracking hydropower projects or permits

Wiki Pages

For each hydropower project, a wiki page is created on Global Energy Monitor’s wiki. Under standard wiki convention, all information is linked to a publicly-accessible published reference, such as a news article, company or government report, or a regulatory permit. In order to ensure data integrity in the open-access wiki environment, Global Energy Monitor researchers review all edits of project wiki pages.

Mapping

To allow easy public access to the results, Global Energy Monitor worked with GreenInfo Network to develop a map-based and table-based interface using the Leaflet Open-Source JavaScript library. In the case of exact coordinates, locations have been visually determined using Google Maps, Google Earth, Wikimapia, or OpenStreetMap. For proposed projects, exact locations, if available, are from permit applications, or company or government documentation. If the location of a hydropower project or proposal is not known, Global Energy Monitor identifies the most accurate location possible based on available information.

April 2025 Global Hydropower Tracker Release Notes

Global Energy Monitor releases the third version (second update) of the Global Hydropower Tracker.

• This update covers all regions of the globe, and uses the United Nations’ Statistics Division definitions of region and subregion. All prospective facilities, as well as any for which there was an indication of changed status, were researched for updates.
• This update now includes all operating and prospective projects with more than a 45 MW capacity, lowering the capacity threshold for project inclusion from 75 MW to 45 MW.
• The column name “Country” has been changed to “Country/Area”. The Country/Area column presents energy data within various economic contexts, and the geographical unit does not strictly follow political boundaries.
• GEM ID formats have changed from an L8+5 digit number to L1+11 digit number for location IDs and a G8+5 digit number to a G1+11 digit number. Previous GEM ID numbers have been preserved. For example, a previous GEM ID of L603791 is now L100000603791.
• Shelved and cancelled statuses have been broken down into two subcategories depending on if there was an announcement of delay or cancellation, or if the status is inferred by lack of observed progress.

April 2024 Global Hydropower Tracker Release Notes

Global Energy Monitor releases the second version (first update) of the Global Hydropower Tracker.

• All global regions were included within the scope of research for this data release. All prospective facilities, as well as any for which there was an indication of changed status, were researched for updates.
• Any facilities previously listed with the “inactive” status category were expanded to specify the status as either cancelled, mothballed, or retired. This change was made to increase clarity for dataset users, as well as to harmonize the Global Hydropower Tracker with other power generation trackers at Global Energy Monitor.
• The names for principal administrative divisions of China have been updated to correspond with ISO 3166-2 standards. Specifically, the changes were: "Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region" to "Guangxi", "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region" to "Inner Mongolia", "Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region" to "Ningxia", "Tibet Autonomous Region" to "Tibet", and "Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region" to “Xinjiang”.

May 2023 Global Hydropower Tracker Release Notes

Global Energy Monitor releases the first version of the Global Hydropower Tracker.

• All global regions have been researched for this data release.
• The Global Hydropower Tracker, consistent with recent changes across all of Global Energy Monitor’s trackers, uses the following naming conventions: Regions and subregions are defined according to United Nations definitions. The country name “Türkiye” is used in place of “Turkey.”