Parish Generating Station
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Parish Generating Station is an operating power station of at least 3953-megawatts (MW) in Thompsons, Fort Bend, Texas, United States. It is also known as Site of the Petra Nova Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project (Unit 8), Washington A. Parish Generating Station.
Location
Table 1: Project-level location details
| Plant name | Location | Coordinates (WGS 84) |
|---|---|---|
| Parish Generating Station | Thompsons, Fort Bend, Texas, United States | 29.477075, -95.634892 (exact) |
The map below shows the exact location of the power station.
Unit-level coordinates (WGS 84):
- 1, 2, 3, 4, Unit 5, Unit 6, Unit 7, Unit 8: 29.477075, -95.634892
Project Details
Table 2: Unit-level details
| Unit name | Status | Fuel(s) | Capacity (MW) | Technology | CHP | Start year | Retired year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Operating[1] | fossil gas: natural gas[1] | 188[1] | steam turbine[1] | no[1] | 1958[1] | 2026 (planned)[2] |
| 2 | Operating[1] | fossil gas: natural gas[1] | 188[1] | steam turbine[1] | no[1] | 1958[1] | 2026 (planned)[2] |
| 3 | Operating[1] | fossil gas: natural gas[1] | 299[1] | steam turbine[1] | no[1] | 1961[1] | 2026 (planned)[2] |
| 4 | Operating[1] | fossil gas: natural gas[1] | 581[1] | steam turbine[1] | no[1] | 1968[1] | 2026 (planned)[2] |
| Unit 5 | Operating | coal: subbituminous | 734.1 | subcritical | – | 1977 | – |
| Unit 6 | Operating | coal: subbituminous | 734.1 | subcritical | – | 1978 | – |
| Unit 7 | Operating | coal: subbituminous | 614.6 | subcritical | – | 1980 | – |
| Unit 8 | Operating | coal: subbituminous | 614.6 | subcritical | – | 1982 | – |
CHP is an abbreviation for Combined Heat and Power. It is a technology that produces electricity and thermal energy at high efficiencies. Coal units track this information in the Captive Use section when known.
Table 3: Unit-level ownership and operator details
| Unit name | Owner | Parent |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| 2 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| 3 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| 4 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| Unit 5 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| Unit 6 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| Unit 7 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
| Unit 8 | NRG Texas Power LLC [100%] | NRG Energy Inc [100.0%] |
Emissions Data
- 2006 CO2 Emissions: 21,076,082 tons
- 2006 SO2 Emissions: 56,438 tons
- 2006 SO2 Emissions per MWh:
- 2006 NOx Emissions: 5,307 tons
- 2005 Mercury Emissions: 957 lb.
Carbon capture
The plant is also the site of the Petra Nova Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project.
Project summary
The Parish station has 10 generating units, one of which has been upgraded with carbon capture, Unit 8. The unit is 615 MW. About 40% (240 MW) of the unit's exhaust is diverted into a ‘post-combustion capture’ system designed to capture 90% of the carbon dioxide (CO2), along with particulates, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. The captured carbon dioxide is pumped 82 miles to the West Ranch oil field in Jackson County, Texas. Drillers estimate that the field holds 60 million barrels that could be recovered with the captured carbon.[3]
NRG built a separate gas fired power station next to the facility to generate the electricity and steam needed to run the CCS process. According to Quora, given the high energy demand for the CO2 capture process and the carbon leakage that results from pumping the CO2 into oil fields, the actual reduction of emissions from the Parish power station is probably around 6%, not 40%, without accounting for the CO2 emissions from burning the recovered oil.[4]
DOE selects NRG Energy for carbon capture project in Texas
In September 2009, NRG announced that it was applying for funding from the Department of Energy to subsidize the cost of installing carbon capture and storage equipment at Parish. The company would not disclose the cost of the equipment. The demonstration project would capture about 90 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions from 60 megawatts of power generation.[5]
In March 2010 it was announced that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) selected NRG to receive US$154 million, which includes funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, to construct a "post-combustion carbon capture demonstration unit" outside of Houston at the company's Parish Generating Station. The project is scheduled to go online in 2013.[6]
Ownership and funding
NRG Energy and JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration Corp., Japan’s largest oil producer, are running the Petra Nova project as a 50-50 joint venture under the umbrella of Petra Nova Parish Holdings LLC. The US$1.04 billion project received US$300 million each from NRG and JX Nippon. NRG also received US$167 million from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Coal Power Initiative, plus another US$23 million from DOE under Section 313 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 for the carbon capture system. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation and Mizuho Bank Ltd. are also providing loans totaling US$250 million.[3][7]
NRG said it will not fund more CCS
In October 2015 NRG Energy said that while it will complete the construction of the Petra Nova Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project at the Parish coal plant in Texas, it will not invest in further projects. NRG Chief Executive David Crane acknowledges that CCS for enhanced oil recovery was attractive when the oil price was between US$75 to $100 a barrel but, with oil selling for US$45 a barrel, it is no longer viable.[8]
CCS project goes online in 2017
In January 2017 it was reported the CCS project would go online that month.[9] It was declared operational on January 10, 2017.[10]
CCS project closed down in 2021
In January 2021, NRG Energy announced that it was closing down indefinitely the Petra Nova gas plant, the power source for the carbon capture project, citing the fact that depressed oil prices triggered by the coronavirus pandemic had made the project uneconomical. A company spokesman said that the gas unit would be preserved in the event that the carbon capture system is some day restarted.[11]
Ownership announcements in 2022
In September 2022, NRG surrendered their 50% stake in the CCS project to JX Nippon, making the Japanese oil and gas company the full owner of the project. NRG stated that they would continue as operators, and they expected the project to start back up in 2023.[12]
CCS project restarts in 2023
In February 2023, JX Nippon announced that they would be restarting the project in June 2023 following the completion of unit repairs.[13]
In August 2023, it was reported that NRG was planning to restart coal-fired Unit 8 at the power plant later in the month. The unit had shut down following a fire in May 2022. JX Nippon said that the CCS plant was undergoing preparations and would resume operations at the same time as Unit 8.[14]
In September 2023, JX Nippon restarted the Petra Nova CCS plant after a three-year shutdown.[15]
Death and disease attributable to fine particle pollution from Parish Generating Station
In 2010, Abt Associates issued a study commissioned by the Clean Air Task Force, a nonprofit research and advocacy organization, quantifying the deaths and other health effects attributable to fine particle pollution from coal-fired power plants.[16] Fine particle pollution consists of a complex mixture of soot, heavy metals, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. Among these particles, the most dangerous are those less than 2.5 microns in diameter, which are so tiny that they can evade the lung's natural defenses, enter the bloodstream, and be transported to vital organs. Impacts are especially severe among the elderly, children, and those with respiratory disease. The study found that over 13,000 deaths and tens of thousands of cases of chronic bronchitis, acute bronchitis, asthma, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, dysrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, chronic lung disease, and pneumonia each year are attributable to fine particle pollution from U.S. coal plant emissions. These deaths and illnesses are major examples of coal's external costs, i.e. uncompensated harms inflicted upon the public at large. Low-income and minority populations are disproportionately impacted as well, due to the tendency of companies to avoid locating power plants upwind of affluent communities. To monetize the health impact of fine particle pollution from each coal plant, Abt assigned a value of $7,300,000 to each 2010 mortality, based on a range of government and private studies. Valuations of illnesses ranged from $52 for an asthma episode to $440,000 for a case of chronic bronchitis.[17]
Table 1: Death and disease attributable to fine particle pollution from Parish Generating Station
| Type of Impact | Annual Incidence | Valuation |
|---|---|---|
| Deaths | 49 | $350,000,000 |
| Heart attacks | 70 | $7,600,000 |
| Asthma attacks | 980 | $51,000 |
| Hospital admissions | 37 | $850,000 |
| Chronic bronchitis | 33 | $15,000,000 |
| Asthma ER visits | 60 | $22,000 |
Source: "Find Your Risk from Power Plant Pollution," Clean Air Task Force interactive table, accessed February 2011
Parish ranked 6th in terms of largest carbon dioxide emissions
According to a 2009 report by Environment America, "America's Biggest Polluters," the Parish Generating Station is the sixth dirtiest plant in the nation, releasing 20.9 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2007. Ranking is based upon Environmental Protection Agency data.[18]
Articles and Resources
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 https://web.archive.org/web/20200612191408/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/archive/xls/november_generator2019.xlsx. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 https://web.archive.org/web/20220712171434/https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/xls/april_generator2022.xlsx. Archived from the original on 12 July 2022.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Umair Irfan, "World's Largest Carbon-Capture Plant to Open Soon," ClimateWire, October 4, 2016
- ↑ "Does the best CCS power station in the world provide a model for Australia?" Quora, Mayh 30, 2017
- ↑ Elizabeth Souder, "NRG applies to Department of Energy for funding of clean coal equipment," Dallas Morning News, September 2, 2009.
- ↑ "DOE picks NRG for carbon capture demonstration project in Texas" Electric Light & Power, March 30, 2010.
- ↑ Stephen Edelstein, "First Carbon Capture Plants Come on Line This Year," Green Car Reports, January 20, 2017
- ↑ Jordan Blum, "Low oil prices cloud futures of clean coal and carbon capture," Houston Chronicle, October 2, 2015
- ↑ "Texas carbon capture project to go online this month, raising hope for the beleaguered technology," West Side Story, Jan 3, 2017
- ↑ Chris Mooney, "America’s first ‘clean coal’ plant is now operational — and another is on the way," WaPo, Jan 10, 2017
- ↑ "Power plant linked to idled U.S. carbon capture project will shut indefinitely - NRG," Reuters, Jan. 29, 2021
- ↑ "NRG sells stake in Petra Nova carbon capture project to Japanese company for $3.6 million," Houston Chronicle, Sept. 20, 2022
- ↑ "The World's Largest Carbon Capture Plant Gets a Second Chance in Texas," Bloomberg, Feb. 8, 2023
- ↑ "Restart delayed at Texas coal unit linked to Petra Nova CCS project," Reuters, August 2, 2023
- ↑ "Carbon capture project back at Texas coal plant after 3-year shutdown," Reuters, September 14, 2023
- ↑ "The Toll from Coal: An Updated Assessment of Death and Disease from America's Dirtiest Energy Source," Clean Air Task Force, September 2010.
- ↑ "Technical Support Document for the Powerplant Impact Estimator Software Tool," Prepared for the Clean Air Task Force by Abt Associates, July 2010
- ↑ "America's Biggest Polluters: Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Power Plants in 2007" Environment America, November 24, 2009
Additional data
To access additional data, including interactive maps of the power stations, downloadable datasets, and summary data, please visit the Global Coal Plant Tracker and the Global Oil and Gas Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.
