Cleveland-Cliffs Indiana Harbor steel plant

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Cleveland-Cliffs Indiana Harbor steel plant, also known as Indiana Harbor, ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor steel plant (predecessor), ArcelorMittal East Chicago, Inland Steel (predecessor), LTV Steel (predecessor), is a blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) steel plant operating in East Chicago, Indiana, United States.

Location

The map below shows the exact location of the plant in East Chicago, Indiana, United States:

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  • Location: 3210 Watling St., East Chicago, IN 46312, United States
  • Coordinates (WGS 84): 41.669553, -87.438429 (exact)

Background

The Indiana Harbor steel plant was built in 1901; historically, it was two separate plants (now known as the East Works, and the West Works). The newer and smaller West Works was founded in 1923 by the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, which then became part of LTV Steel in 1984. ArcelorMittal acquired both in 2004.[1] In 2020, ArcelorMittal was bought by Cleveland Cliffs, who acquired the Indiana Harbor plant.[2]

In January 2020, the electric arc furnace (EAF) of the plant was idled with no plans of restarting.[3]

Worker Safety

In July 2020, a 71-year old worker died at ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor when they were struck by a coil tractor.[4][5] The company was fined $21,000 for safety violations related to the incident.[6]

On April 2, 2019, a 49-year old man was killed at the steel plants raw materials yard when the engine he was operating struck a rail car on an adjacent track.[4]

In 2017, one worker was killed by injuries from a crane accident at the steel plant and another worker was killed in a buggy accident at the plant.[4]

A total of 393 steelworkers have died on the job at the ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor steel plant.[4]

Attempts to decarbonize blast furnace

In 2023, the company announced plans to construct a multi-million dollar pipeline for transporting hydrogen to the operating blast furnace at the plant, BF #7.[7] They have successfully trialed hydrogen injection at the unit as of 2024.[8] The waste gas produced by this furnace is also captured and used to generate electricity for the plant's operations.[9]

Plant Details

Table 1: General Plant Details

Plant status Start date Workforce size
Operating[10] 1901[11] 3715[10]
Operating[10] 1901[11] 3715[10]

Table 2: Ownership and Parent Company Information

Parent company Parent company PermID Parent company GEM ID Owner Owner company PermID Owner company GEM ID
Cleveland-Cliffs Inc [100%] 4295903753 [100%] E100001010595 [10%]; E100001000348 [9.6%] Cleveland-Cliffs Inc[10] 4295903753 E100001000649

Table 3: Process and Products

Steel product category Steel products Steel sector end users ISO 14001 Main production equipment Detailed production equipment
finished rolled[10] Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS), American Petroleum Institute pipe skelp, Motor laminations, Automotive exposed and matensitic grades[10] automotive; energy; tools and machinery[10] 2023[12] BF, BOF, EAF[10][13] 2 sinter plants; 4 BOF; 1 EAF (began in 1970, rebuilt in 2001, idled in Jan. 2020 with no plans to restart)[10][13][13][14]
finished rolled[10] Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS), American Petroleum Institute pipe skelp, Motor laminations, Automotive exposed and matensitic grades[10] automotive; energy; tools and machinery[10] 2023[12] BF, BOF, EAF[10][13] 2 sinter plants; 4 BOF; 1 EAF (began in 1970, rebuilt in 2001, idled in Jan. 2020 with no plans to restart)[10][13][13][14]

Table 4: Crude Steel Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

*Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status* Basic oxygen furnace steelmaking capacity Electric arc furnace steelmaking capacity Nominal crude steel capacity (total)
operating 6800 TTPA[13][15][13][15][13][15][13][15] –[13] 6800 TTPA[13][15][13][15][13][15][13][15][13]
mothballed –[13][15][13][15][13][15][13][15] 454 TTPA[13] 454 TTPA[13][15][13][15][13][15][13][15][13]

Table 5: Crude Iron Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

*Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status* Blast furnace capacity Nominal iron capacity (total)
operating 4200 TTPA[16][17][18] 4200 TTPA[16][17][18]
mothballed 3700 TTPA[16][17][18] 3700 TTPA[16][17][18]

Table 6: Upstream Products Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

Sinter
2300 TTPA[19][20]
2300 TTPA[19][20]

Table 7: Actual Crude Steel Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BOF Production EAF Production Total (all routes)
2020 3400 TTPA[21] 0 TTPA[13] 3400 TTPA
2021 4575 TTPA[22] – 4575 TTPA
2022 4931 TTPA[23] – 4931 TTPA

Table 8: Actual Crude Iron Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BF Production Total (all routes)
2020 4284 TTPA[13] 4284 TTPA
2021 4321 TTPA[13] 4321 TTPA
2022 3700 TTPA[13] 3700 TTPA

Blast Furnace Details

Table 9: Blast Furnace Details

Unit name Status Announced date Construction date Start date Current size Current capacity (ttpa) Decarbonization technology Most recent relining
3 mothballed[17][24][14][17] unknown unknown unknown 1586 m³[13] 1600[16] –[25] 1994-09[26]
4 mothballed[27][17] unknown unknown unknown 2044 m³[13] 2100[17] –[25] 2003[28]
7 operating[24][14][17] unknown unknown 1980[29] 4163 m³[30] 4200[18] BF gas from #7 used to generate electricity;a hydrogen pipeline to feed the unit is underway; has succesfully trialed hydrogen injection[25][31][32][33] 2021[27][34][27][18]

Articles and Resources

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of steel power plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Steel Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.

References

  1. ↑ Center for Land Use Interpretation. "INDIANA HARBOR WORKS STEEL PLANT, INDIANA". Center for Land Use Interpretation. Retrieved 2021-10-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ↑ Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. Completes Acquisition of ArcelorMittal USA, Cleveland-Cliffs, Dec. 9, 2020
  3. ↑ 2022 AIST Electric Arc Furnace Roundup, Association for Iron & Steel Technology, Jan. 2022
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Worker dies at ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor in East Chicago, Joseph S. Pete, NorthWest Indiana Times, Jul. 21, 2020, Updated: Jul. 31, 2020, Retrieved on: Aug. 6, 2020
  5. ↑ Worker killed at ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor was 71-year-old man, Joseph S. Pete, NorthWest Indiana Times, Jul. 22, 2020, Updated Aug. 3, 2020, Retrieved on: Aug. 6, 2020
  6. ↑ Johnson-Bolden, Nikki (2021-01-11). "Indiana OSHA Fines Steel Mill $21,000 For Safety Violations That Lead to Worker's Death -". Occupational Health & Safety. Retrieved 2021-10-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ↑ Pete, Joseph (2023-10-12). "Cleveland-Cliffs building multimillion-dollar hydrogen pipeline to East Chicago blast furnace". nwitimes.com. Retrieved 2024-02-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ↑ "Cleveland-Cliffs Reports Second Successful BF Hydrogen Trial". Association for Iron and Steel Technology. 2/1/2024. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ↑ "Capturing Waste Gas: Saves Energy, Lowers Costs". U.S. Department of Energy - Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. July 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 https://web.archive.org/web/20211129150210/https://www.clevelandcliffs.com/operations/steelmaking/indiana-harbor. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20220126185937/http://www.steel-photo.org/2020/09/28/the-big-exit/. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20220206003320/https://www.clevelandcliffs.com/sustainability/environment/certifications. Archived from the original on 06 February 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30 13.31 "2021 AIST Electric Arc Furnace Roundup". Association for Iron & Steel Technology. January 2021. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20220129213612/https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_3bdd359b62bd1ceda7299186db0c5b1b/clevelandcliffs/db/1188/10347/file/CLF_2020_AnnualReport.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 (PDF) https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_2f7ae7d945adf749fe7963e793099da0/clevelandcliffs/db/1170/10193/fact_sheet/CLF_FactSheet_IndianaHarbor_042022.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 https://indianaeconomicdigest.net/MobileContent/Most-Recent/Quality-of-Life/Article/ArcelorMittal-to-idle-Blast-Furnace-No-3-at-Indiana-Harbor-West-in-East-Chicago/31/352/97938. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8 https://web.archive.org/web/20220813030823/https://www.clevelandcliffs.com/news/news-releases/detail/542/cleveland-cliffs-announces-indefinite-idle-of-indiana. Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 https://web.archive.org/web/20220915062940/https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2229528-cliffs-largest-furnace-to-take-september-downtime. Archived from the original on 15 September 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20201031193221/https://www.justice.gov/enrd/consent-decree/file/1163941/download. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20221130215256/https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-12/documents/ironsteel.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. ↑ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20220129220418/https://corporate-media.arcelormittal.com/media/kl3iewkk/fact-book-2020.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ↑ (PDF) https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_ec8d6dfae8d64afee055b64f5ad2abef/clevelandcliffs/db/1188/11225/file/CLF_2021_AnnualReport.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ↑ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20240229041812/https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_3b13d73bc2bef8e3abc4d6196a66e857/clevelandcliffs/db/1188/11492/file/CLF_AnnualReport_2022_04032023.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 February 2024. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 for Iron & Steel TechnologyJan. 2022 https://www.clevelandcliffs.com/operations/steelmaking/indiana-harborAIST_EAF_2022Association for Iron & Steel TechnologyJan. 2022. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 https://www.energy.gov/eere/amo/articles/capturing-waste-gas-saves-energy-lower-costs-case-study-2013. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  26. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20240110003141/https://www.osti.gov/biblio/129080. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 https://indianaeconomicdigest.net/Content/Default/All-The-News-Digest/Article/Indiana-Harbor-Works-remains-vital-despite-loss-of-blast-furnace-CEO-said/-3/5310/110196. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  28. ↑ (PDF) http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/irol/14/147760/reports/ISG%2003AR.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  29. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20170828151801/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1980/09/20/inland-steel-dedicates-latest-blast-furnace-called-worlds-best/56e61986-c040-4525-a422-e13f807f5f16/. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  30. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20220518124247/https://www.viktormacha.com/galerie/arcelormittal-indiana-harbor-indiana-304/. Archived from the original on 18 May 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  31. ↑ https://www.aist.org/news/steel-news/2023/july/24-28-july-2023/cleveland-cliffs-commissions-noes-expansion. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  32. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20231019092333/https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/cleveland-cliffs-building-multimillion-dollar-hydrogen-pipeline-to-east-chicago-blast-furnace/article_4451a2da-6916-11ee-b2ad-e35cd7949c0a.html. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  33. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20240209190229/https://www.aist.org/news/steel-news/2024/january/22-26-january-2024/cleveland-cliffs-reports-second-successful-bf-hydr. Archived from the original on 09 February 2024. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  34. ↑ (PDF) https://www.aist.org/AIST/aist/AIST/Publications/Monthly/085_094_April-2022.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Resources

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