Mechel Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant

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Mechel Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant (Челябинский металлургический комбинат (Russian)), also known as CHMK OAO Mechel; Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine, is a blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) steel plant operating in Chelyabinsk, Russia.

Location

The map below shows the exact location of the plant in Chelyabinsk, Russia:

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  • Location: 2-ya Paveletskaya street, 14, Chelyabinsk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia, 454047
  • Coordinates (WGS 84): 55.270730, 61.436492 (exact)

Background

Construction of the plant started in the 1930s and resumed during World War II. The first steel products were produced in 1943.[1] Previously, the plant was named the "Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant"; in 1983 it received the status of a "combine", being renamed into "Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine" (Челябинский металлургический комбинат).[2]

The plant currently has three operating blast furnaces, two basic oxygen furnaces (converter), and two electric arc furnaces (EAF). The blast furnace #4 basic oxygen furnace #1 have been fully reconstructed in 2020.[3][4] The blast furnace #5 has been fully reconstructed in 2023.[5] With no recent evidence, it is unclear if all the units are operating and at what capacity.

The plant added aspiration system to the blast furnace #4 and a dry gas cleaning system in the EAF shop in 2024. The cost of the projects amounted to 1 billion 40 million rubles. The projects are said to reduce emissions by 27% compared to 2017 emissions. Future plans include the construction of another aspiration system for the casting yard at the renovated blast furnace No. 5, as well as the modernization of filters on the plant's sintering machines.[3]

As of October 2024, the plant has been operating at a loss.[6]

The plant is one of the major pollutants of air and water in the region.[7][8]

In 2018, ChMK was fined 100 thousand rubles for dumping mercury into the river. In 2021, the Chelyabinsk Regional Court ordered the company to pay a fine of 142.6 million rubles. That same year, ChMK paid off a debt of 47 million rubles in another criminal case. In 2022, Chief Engineer Vladimir Kapnin, Head of the Department for Labor Protection, Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection Alexander Sadyrin and his deputy Alexander Sosunov were found guilty of the mercury spill in 2018. The plant's employees were given suspended sentences of two years in prison. However, the following year, the sentence was replaced with a fine.[9]

Rosprirodnadzor identified gross violations of environmental legislation in the plant's activities. For several years, the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant has reported on the successful implementation of programs to both reduce the discharge of dirty waste into the Miass River and reduce emissions of hazardous substances into the air. In fact, an inspection by the supervisory authority showed that modernization did not help solve the problem - tons of heavy metals and other substances hazardous to humans continue to flow into the main reservoir of the capital of the Southern Urals.[8]

Plant Details

Table 1: General Plant Details

Plant status Construction date Start date Workforce size Iron ore source Coal source
Operating[10] 1942[11] 1943[11] 15196[12] Korshunovskoye and Rudnogorskoye iron ore fields[13] Raspadskaya coal mine

Table 2: Ownership and Parent Company Information

Parent company Parent company GEM ID Owner Owner company PermID Owner company GEM ID
Mechel JSC [100.0%] E100000000860 [100%] Chelyabinskiy Metallurgicheskiy Kombinat PAO[10] 4295887257 E100000130740

Table 3: Process and Products

Steel product category Steel products Steel sector end users ISO 14001 Main production equipment Detailed production equipment
semi-finished; finished rolled[14] billet; slabs; wire rod; rebar; pipe; square bar; hot-rolled; cold-rolled; stainless steel; rails[14][15] automotive; building and infrastructure; energy; tools and machinery; transport[14][16] 2024[17][18] BF, BOF, EAF[19][20][21] coking plant (# batteries unknown, battery #7 began in Nov. 2006), battery #4 rebuilt in 2009); 1 sinter plant (began in 2005); 3 BF; 3 BOF (BOF #1 (rebuilt in 2019)); 2 EAF (EAF #2 (rebuilt in 2004), EAF #6 (rebuilt in 2004))[19][22][23][24][25]

Table 4: Crude Steel Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

*Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status* Basic oxygen furnace steelmaking capacity Electric arc furnace steelmaking capacity Nominal crude steel capacity (total)
operating 3999 TTPA[26][25][26][25][26][25] 1800 TTPA[26][26] 5799 TTPA[26][25][26][25][26][25][26][26]

Table 5: Crude Iron Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

*Please see our Frequently Asked Questions page for an explanation of the different capacity operating statuses.
Capacity operating status* Blast furnace capacity Nominal iron capacity (total)
operating 4000 TTPA[19][27][28][23][29][19][30][27][27] 4000 TTPA[19][27][28][23][29][19][30][27][27]

Table 6: Upstream Products Production Capacities (thousand tonnes per annum)

Sinter Coke
4500 TTPA[31][26] 2900 TTPA[26]

Table 7: Actual Crude Steel Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year Total (all routes)
2020
2021 [32]
2022 3300 TTPA[33]

Table 8: Actual Crude Iron Production by Year (thousand tonnes per annum)

Year BF Production Total (all routes)
2020
2021 [32]
2022 3200 TTPA 3200 TTPA[34][33]

Blast Furnace Details

Table 9: Blast Furnace Details

Unit name Status Announced date Construction date Start date Current size Current capacity (ttpa) Decarbonization technology Most recent relining
1 operating[19][24][28][35][36][25] unknown unknown 2004-03[35][37] 2030 m³[19][25][38] 1500[19][27] unknown 2004-03[39][40]
4 operating[19][23][24][28][35][36][25][41] unknown unknown 2020-03[42][29][19][23] 1386 m³[25] 1100[28][23][29][19][30][27] unknown 2020-12[43][27][44]
5 operating[25][29][26][27] unknown unknown 2023-09[27] 1719 m³[45][25] 1400[27] unknown 2023-09[27][46]

Articles and Resources

Additional data

To access additional data, including an interactive map of steel power plants, a downloadable dataset, and summary data, please visit the Global Steel Plant Tracker on the Global Energy Monitor website.

References

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