Sakhalin-Khabarovsk-Vladivostok Gas Pipeline

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Sakhalin-Khabarovsk-Vladivostok Gas Pipeline, also referred to as the Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok gas transmission system (GTS) and the SKV Pipeline (Russian: Сахалин-Хабаровск-Владивосток, СХВ), is an operating natural gas pipeline.[1] An expansion (Expansion I) of the pipeline (also referred to as the Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok (GTS) Expansion) between Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Khabarovsk is also currently operating.[2]

There is an additional expansion (Expansion II: Capacity Upgrade) and extension (Expansion II: Pipeline Extension) of the pipeline that have been proposed.[3][4]

Location

The main pipeline runs from Sakhalin, Russia through Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Khabarovsk to Vladivostok, Russia.[1]

Sakhalin-Khabarovsk-Vladivostok Gas Pipeline copy.jpg
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Location, Expansion I

The expansion project runs between Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia and Khabarovsk, Russia.[5] It appears to be running parallel to existing pipe of the main line.

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Location, Expansion II: Pipeline Extension

The pipeline will connect the Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok gas pipeline to the gas infrastructure in the Chinese province Heilongjiang. It will start at the gas metering station near the Russian border town of Dalnerechensk in Primorsky Krai, run across the Ussuri River and end in Hulin, China.[6][7]

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Project Details

Project Details, Expansion I (Komsomolsk-on-Amur - Khabarovsk)

Project Details, Expansion II: Capacity Upgrade

Project Details, Expansion II: Pipeline Extension

Background

The Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline is a gas pipeline in Russia, transporting Sakhalin's gas to the most populated and industrialized regions of the Russian Far East (Khabarovsk Krai and Primorsky Krai). It is also projected to become a part of an international export route, carrying Russian gas to East Asian countries, such as the People's Republic of China, South Korea and Japan. The pipeline is owned and operated by Gazprom.[15] The pipeline project was developed by Gazprom Invest Vostok, a subsidiary of Gazprom.[11] The main supply source is the Gazprom-owned Kirinskoye field.[16] In addition to the three pipelines, the Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok system consists of the Sakhalin main compressor station, a gas distribution station in Vladivostok, a power supply, telemechanics, communications systems and access roads.[17]

History

The project was announced in September 2007, when the Russian Federation's Industry and Energy Ministry approved the gas Development Program for Eastern Siberia and the Far East.[18] It was aimed at reducing utility prices in the Russian Far East by replacing coal and petroleum with cheaper natural gas as a source of power.[17]

The pipeline project was approved by Gazprom's board of directors on 23 July 2008. At the same meeting, Gazprom's board of directors agreed to purchase the Komsomolsk–Khabarovsk pipeline, commissioned in November 2006 by Daltransgaz, a former subsidiary of Rosneft.[19]

Construction began on 31 July 2009 in Khabarovsk with a ceremony, which was attended by the Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.[18][20] The pipeline was opened on 8 September 2011.[12]

Route

The Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok gas transport system consists of three sections.[18] The Khabarovsk–Vladivostok section together with the first phase of the Sakhalin–Komsomolsk section, which supplies gas from Gazprom's Far East northern part's gas fields, will create a 1350 km (840 mi) pipeline system.[18] The third section, the 472-km (293-mi) Komsomolsk–Khabarovsk pipeline, commissioned in 2006,[17] would then be connected to the proposed Yakutia–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline.[18]

The pipeline will supply gas to China and Japan and there is a planned link to South Korea. From Vladivostok, a Chinese pipeline under construction since 2015 by China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau will extend across China, reaching Shanghai.[21] The pipeline also will feed a planned LNG plant in Primorsky Krai, producing liquefied natural gas for export to Japan, and a proposed petrochemical complex.[22][23] There are also plans to supply gas from Vladivostok to Japan and South Korea by subsea pipelines.[24] An alternative route to South Korea would be via an overland pipeline through North Korea. According to Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, this proposed pipeline would help strengthen security in East Asia by meeting North Korea's energy needs and providing it with transit revenue. The project was also discussed during the visit of Kim Jong Il to Russia in August 2011.[25]

Route methodology

A detailed route of the pipeline was downloaded from OpenStreetMap / Open Infrastructure Map.[26] A section of the pipeline from Ussuriyskaya compressor station to the end point in Vladivostok was approximately drawn with accordance to this pipeline map.[27]

Connection to the Power of Siberia Gas Pipeline

In 2022, several media sources mentioned a project, which would connect the Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline with the Power of Siberia pipeline.[28][29] The project received the name of "Eastern Gas Supply System". In October 2022, it was reported that collection of initial data and engineering surveys had been launched.[30] The construction is expected to be completed in 2029.[31] The Gazprom's 2022 Annual Report lists the pipeline under "Prospective/Under Construction Projects".[32] In March 2023, Russian Energy Minister Nikolay Shulginov said that the Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline and the Power of Siberia pipeline might be connected in the future in the area of Khabarovsk.[33]

In January 2024, project and survey work was in progress for the construction of the Belogorsk-Khabarovsk Gas Pipeline (referred to as "Phase I" of the "Eastern Gas Supply System" project).[34][35] The pipeline will span approximately 830 km from the Amur Gas Processing Plant to its connection with the Sakhalin-Khabarovsk-Vladivostok gas pipeline system near Khabarovsk. The completion of construction is planned for 2029. In March 2024, it was reported that the construction had begun. This pipeline will link the Yakutsk and Sakhalin production centers, enhancing the reliability of gas supply throughout the region.[35]

Expansion I

In February 2019 Stroygazmontazh was chosen as the contractor for the expansion of the pipeline between Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Khabarovsk (the gas transportation section from the 505th to the 874th km).[36] In March 2019 Gazprom announced that construction materials were being assembled, but did not say that construction on the pipeline itself had begun.[37]

According to the Gazprom 2019 Annual report, the looping of the linear section was expected for 2021.[5] According to the Gazprom 2020 Annual report, expansion of the first compressor station was planned for 2022.[38] According to the report, the company has started construction of the expansion pipeline from Komsomolsk-on-Amur to Khabarovsk in 2020.[38] The construction was expected to be completed by the end of 2021.[39] In September 2020, half of the pipeline was constructed[40] and in February 2021, three-quarters of the pipeline was completed.[2]

In November 2021, Gazprom announced that the pipeline was nearly complete and still on track for a 2021 start date.[41] On December 21, 2021, Gazprom announced construction was complete and the expansion was now being filled with gas.[12]

Expansion II

In February 2022, Gazprom signed a 30-year contract with the Chinese state energy major CNPC to supply 10 bcm/year of gas to China via a new 25-km pipeline (also known as "Far Eastern Route").[4][3] We list this expansion proposal as two components: Expansion II: Capacity Upgrade, referring to the increase in the main pipeline's capacity by 10 additional bcm/year, and Expansion II: Pipeline Extension, referring to the additional pipeline branch connecting the main pipeline to the Chinese gas network.

Expansion II: Capacity Upgrade

The contract includes an increase in the main pipeline's output by an additional 10 bcm/year to supply to China. This increase will be accommodated by utilizing the existing expansion of the pipeline (Expansion I) which has expanded a narrow 353-kilometer section from Komsomolsk-on-Amur to Khabarovsk for additional capacity, as well as via construction and commissioning of new compressor stations along the route.[4]

Expansion II: Pipeline Extension

The new extension of the pipeline will be approximately 25 kilometers in length and will connect the main Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok gas pipeline to the gas infrastructure in the Chinese province Heilongjiang.[4] It may include the new pipeline branch, a gas metering station, and a gas treatment plant; as well as possibly additional gas treatment and drying facilities.[4] The pipeline will connect to the province of Heilongjiang, followed by Jilin, Liaoning and Beijing; this project to deliver gas to the northeastern part of the country is strategically attractive to China as the only viable alternative would be a more expensive LNG.[4]

The Gazprom's 2022 Annual Report lists the pipeline under "Prospective/Under Construction Projects".[32] On January 31, 2023, Russia and China signed an intergovernmental agreement on construction of the cross-border section of the pipeline.[14] The agreement defines key parameters of a 10 bcm/year gas supply contract signed by Gazprom and CNPC in February 2022. It gives Gazprom the exclusive right to supply gas to China via the cross-border section of the Far Eastern Route. The cross-border section will start at the gas metering station near the Russian border town of Dalnerechensk in Primorsky Krai, run across the Ussuri River and end in Hulin, China.[6][7]

The agreement was ratified in June 2023, and the project is expected to reach the design capacity is expected in 2025. In October 2023, Gazprom was preparing to design the branch gas pipeline, including a crossing over the Ussuri River. A tender for comprehensive engineering surveys and special types of work for this project, announced by Gazprom Project, was posted on the Gazprombank electronic trading platform in October 2023.[13]

The demarcation point between the Russian and Chinese sections will be determined at the completion date of the construction and will remain unchanged for the entire duration of the agreement, which is 30 years. Gazprom is responsible for the design, construction, and operation of the section on Russian territory, while PipeChina holds this responsibility on Chinese territory. Gazprom is the sole gas supplier, and CNPC is the recipient.[13]

In June 2024, it was reported that gas deliveries through this route were expected to begin by 2027 at the latest.[42]

Articles and resources

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 "Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok. The first interregional gas transmission system in eastern Russia". Retrieved July 27, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "«Газпром» продолжает расширение газопровода «Сахалин — Хабаровск — Владивосток»". Feb 17, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Russia, China agree 30-year gas deal via new pipeline, to settle in euros". reuters.com. Feb 4, 2022. Retrieved Jul 7, 2022.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 "Новый контракт "Газпрома" с КНР не отнимет объемы у Европы. Обобщение". interfax.ru. Feb 4, 2022. Retrieved Jul 7, 2022.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "PJSC Gazprom Annual Report 2019" (PDF). Retrieved October 6, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Russia, China Sign Intergovernmental Gas Deal". Energy Intelligence. February 9, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Комитет ГД одобрил ратификацию соглашения с Китаем о прокладке газопровода". РИА Новости. May 18, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ↑ "Особенности и проблемы пространственного развития восточной газотранспортной системы России". Энергетическая политика. June 16, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ↑ "МАГИСТРАЛЬНЫЙ ГАЗОПРОВОД «САХАЛИН – ХАБАРОВСК – ВЛАДИВОСТОК»". giprogazcentr.com. 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Газопровод Сахалин-Хабаровск-Владивосток". energybase.ru. Retrieved 2022-08-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Gazprom to spend $24 billion on Far Eastern gas pipeline". RBC Daily. 4 July 2008. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 "Construction completed on section of Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok gas pipeline between Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Khabarovsk". www.gazprom.com. Retrieved 2022-01-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 "Газпром готовится к проектированию подводного перехода через р. Уссури в рамках Дальневосточного маршрута поставок газа в Китай". neftegaz.ru. October 17, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 28.01.2023 г. № 171-р". Правительство России. January 28, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ↑ "«Сахалин — Хабаровск — Владивосток»". Gazprom. Retrieved 2022-08-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ↑ "Gazprom: Over 90 Percent of Sakhalin-Khabarovsk-Vladivostok GTS Linear Part Welded Up (Russia)". LNG World News. 3 May 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Gazprom commissions first startup complex of Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok GTS, Gazprom, Sep. 8, 2011
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Gazprom launches construction of Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok gas transmission system, Gazprom, Jul. 31, 2009
  19. ↑ Shuster, Simon (19 July 2008). "Russia Gazprom buys 25 pct of DalTransGas from Rosneft". Reuters. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
  20. ↑ Paxton, Robin (31 July 2009). "Russia launches Far East pipeline, eyes Exxon gas". Reuters. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
  21. ↑ "Gas pipeline to Russia has biggest pipes in China". CCTV America. June 30, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Russia's Gazprom mulls new liquefaction plant in country's Far East". Platts (requires subscription). 24 June 2008.
  23. ↑ "Gas Will Be Delivered to Japan through Vladivostok". Vladivostok Times. 24 June 2008.
  24. ↑ Gazprom and Kogas sign MOU for Sakhalin-2 pipeline project, Oil & Gas Journal, Jul. 12, 2009
  25. ↑ Gabuyev, Aleksandr (22 August 2011). "North Korea to be pacified with gas". Izvestia. Russia & India Reports. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  26. ↑ "Relation: Gas Transportation System (GTS) "Sakhalin - Khabarovsk - Vladivostok" (3220256)". OpenStreetMap. Aug 2024. Retrieved Aug 5, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  27. ↑ "Магистральный газопровод Сахалин — Хабаровск — Владивосток". Gazprom Proektirovaniye. 2024. Archived from the original on Aug 5, 2024. Retrieved Aug 5, 2024.
  28. ↑ "Бюллетень EastRussia: отраслевой аналитический обзор – ТЭК ДФО". eastrussia.ru. May 6, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ↑ "Новый 800-километровый газопровод построят от Хабаровска до Амурской области". prokhab.ru. October 27, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ↑ "Новый трубопровод построят в Амурскую область". EastRussia. October 28, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ↑ "Новый 800-километровый газопровод построят от Хабаровска до Амурской области". prokhab.ru. October 27, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "ГОДОВОЙ ОТЧЕТ ПАО «ГАЗПРОМ» ЗА 2022 ГОД" (PDF). Газпром добыча Краснодар. June 30, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ↑ "Минэнерго ускорит газификацию Сибири и Дальнего Востока". Ведомости. March 16, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ↑ "Восточная система газоснабжения". neftegaz.ru. April 24, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 ""Газпром" начинает мега-проект "Восточная система газоснабжения" длиной более 5000 км". Interfax. March 21, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  36. ↑ «Стройгазмонтаж» стал генподрядчиком прокладки газопровода в Хабаровском крае, Oil Capital, Feb. 11, 2019
  37. ↑ "Газпром" приступает к расширению газопровода "Сахалин-Хабаровск-Владивосток", 1prime.ru, Mar. 19, 2019
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "Growth at Scale. Gazprom Annual Report 2020" (PDF). Retrieved July 27, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  39. ↑ "Газпром к концу 2021г планирует завершить расширение газопровода Сахалин-Хабаровск-Владивосток". Sep 30, 2020. Retrieved July 27, 2021.
  40. ↑ ""Газпром" завершил больше половины расширения газопровода "Сахалин-Хабаровск-Владивосток"". Национальная Ассоциация нефтегазового сервиса. Sep 3, 2020. Retrieved July 27, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ↑ "Expansion of Sakhalin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok gas pipeline undergoing its final stage". www.gazprom.com. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
  42. ↑ "Особенности и проблемы пространственного развития восточной газотранспортной системы России". Энергетическая политика. June 16, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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