West African Gas Pipeline
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The West African Gas Pipeline is an operating pipeline which delivers gas from Nigeria's Niger Delta to West African nations such as Benin, Togo, and Ghana.[1]
Location
The West African Gas Pipeline begins at the Itoki Natural Gas Terminal in the Ogun State, Nigeria and goes through Agido near Badagry in Lagos, passing through 33 Nigerian communities to Lagos Beach Compressor Station. From there, the pipeline runs offshore westward to deliver gas to Western Ghana in the port city of Takoradi with gas delivery laterals extending from the main line to Contonou in Benin, Lome in Togo and Tema in Ghana. [2][3].
Project details
- Operator: West African Gas Pipeline Company limited (WAPCo)
- Owner: West African Gas Pipeline Company limited (WAPCo)
- Parent company: Chevron (36.7%), Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (25%), Shell (18%), Takoradi Power (16.3%), Societe Togolaise de Gaz (2%), Societe BenGaz (2%)
- Capacity: 200 million cubic feet per day
- Length: 678 kilometers
- Status: Operating
- Start year: 2011
Background
West African Gas Pipeline Company Limited operates a 678 kilometer West African Gas Pipeline, which links natural gas from fields in Nigeria to markets in Benin, Togo and Ghana.[4]
The project was conceived in 1982 by ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States and was sponsored by the World Bank in 1991. The Memorandum of Understanding was signed in 1999 and the project implementation agreement was signed in 2003. The project was commenced in 2003 and began operating in 2011. The project was originally planned to be $700 billion, but took an additional $200 billion to complete the project. It had an initial capacity of 200 million cubic feet of gas a day (mcfd), which is expandable to 600mcfd.[5]
Takoradi–Tema Interconnection Project (TTIP)
In August 2019, the West African Gas Pipeline completed the first phase of the Takoradi–Tema Interconnection Project, allowing the direction of gas flow on the Takoradi–Tema leg of the West African Gas Pipeline to be reversed, allowing gas to flow east from Takoradi (the westernmost point of the pipeline) to Tema (near Accra). This is in order to accommodate gas supply from the new Jubilee–Atuabo Gas Pipeline and Atuabo–Aboadze Gas Pipeline, which bring gas from Ghana's offshore Jubilee field.[6][7]
Ownership
The pipeline is owned and operated by the West African Gas Pipeline Company (WAGPCo). The major shareholder is Chevron West African Gas Pipeline Ltd (36.7%). Nigerian National Petroleum is the second largest shareholder (25%). Shell Overseas Holdings and Takoradi Power respectively have 18% and 16.3% shares in the company. The remaining four percent interest in the project is owned by Societe Togolaise de Gaz (2%) and Societe BenGaz (2%).[8].
Opposition
Opposition came mostly from international environmental organizations and various West African civil society groups. Most of these organizations were concerned not only with the environmental costs of the pipeline project, but also the effects the project would have upon the economic and political sovereignty of Benin, Togo, and Ghana. The groups expressed concerns that the project would give Chevron and Shell even more power and influence in the region while also prolonging the ongoing conflicts and humanitarian disaster in the Niger Delta.[9]
Expansion projects
Ghana–Côte d'Ivoire Expansion
- Owner: Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation[10][11]
- Capacity:
- Length:
- Diameter:
- Status: Cancelled[10]
- Start year:
- Cost:
The Ghana–Côte d'Ivoire Expansion was proposed in late 2017, though as of September 2021 there was no evidence for further development and is therefore considered cancelled.
Note the Nigeria-Morocco Gas Pipeline is considered an extension of the West African Gas Pipeline and appears to encompass the route proposed within the Ghana–Côte d'Ivoire Expansion, so the route is now presumed to be part of that larger proposed system.[12]
Articles and resources
References
- ↑ West African Gas Pipeline Company, WAGPCO, accessed February, 2018
- ↑ Nigeria Energy Profile: Largest Oil Producer In Africa And World’s Fourth-Largest Exporter Of LNG – Analysis, Eurasia Review, May 8, 2016
- ↑ West African Gas Pipeline Company website https://www.wagpco.com/wagp/. Retrieved July 2022.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ West African Gas Pipeline Company Limited, Bloomberg, accessed February, 2018
- ↑ West African Gas Pipeline (WAGP), Hydrocarbons Technology, accessed February 2018
- ↑ Phase1 of Takoradi-Tema Interconnection project in Ghana completed, Construction Review, 14 Aug. 2019.
- ↑ WAPCO Begins 'Historic' Transport of Gas from Takoradi, Ghana Public Interest & Accountability Committee website, 9 Aug. 2019.
- ↑ West African Gas Pipeline, Hydrocarbons Technology, accessed February, 2018
- ↑ New African gas pipeline worries civil society, Sep. 9, 2005.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Michael Eboh, NNPC to extend W-African gas pipeline to Côte d'Ivoire, Aug. 3, 2017, accessed Sep. 14, 2021.
- ↑ Nigeria to extend West African Gas Pipeline to Ivory Coast - NNPC, Ecofin Agency, Aug. 3, 2017, accessed Sep. 14, 2021.
- ↑ "West African gas pipeline expansion project to boost natural gas supply". Naira metrics. May 2022. Retrieved July 2022.
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